Bologna is a treasure trove of historic buildings and churches, many of which date to medieval times. The scale here is impressive, as seen in the Basilica di San Petronio which was actually pared down during early construction so as not to exceed the size of the Vatican. Many of the best sites are found on Piazza Maggiore, a popular tourist centre which also features a wide of array of dining and accommodation options tucked into the heart of Bologna's historic centre.

Asinelli Tower
This structure is found in the Piazza di Porta Ravenna. It is the city's tallest tower, standing at an ultimate height of 97 metres, and it is purported to date to the 1100s. A flight of 498 steps take visitors to the apex of the tower, where they can view the Guelf battlements as well as vast panoramic views of this many-towered city.

Basilica di San Petronio
Bologna's largest church is also the fifth largest church in the world. Construction began in the late 14th century, although portions of the facade remain unfinished to this day. Phone: +39 51 231 415.

Fountain of Neptune
This spectacular fountain, dedicated to the Roman god of water and the sea, is situated between the Piazza del Nettuno and the Piazza Maggiore. Built in the mid-16th century, the fountain is elaborately sculpted and has become a focal point of Bologna. It often serves as a point of reference, a meeting place or a simply getaway spot for a few moments' relaxation.

Piazza Maggiore
This expansive public plaza situated at the heart of old Bologna boasts a rich assortment of medieval architecture (including the Basilica di San Petronio) that dates to the period between the 1200s and 1400s. A great destination for people watching, the piazza teems with life at all times of day. Restaurants, cafés and ample accommodation are all found here.

San Francesco Basilica
This church was begun by the Franciscan order in the mid-13th century. The facade boasts a single spire and blends Gothic and Romanesque architectural themes. The interior is decidedly Gothic (specifically Italian Gothic with a hint of French influence) and adorned with three naves. Be sure to visit the altarpiece, created in the 1300s by Pier Paolo delle Masegne and Jacobello.

Sanctuary of the Holy Virgin of San Luca
This Baroque religious shrine was constructed in 1741 by Carlo Francesco Dotti. It was built to commemorate the Madonna's image, found at the end of a long portico (more than 3,252 metres long) spanning 666 arches. The sanctuary is best visited in the month of May, when locals parade an image of the Madonna throughout the city and along the portico. This is an extremely popular festival, drawing visitors from across the country and beyond. Phone: +39 51 647 2113

Santo Stefano Basilica
This is a large religious complex spanning several holy buildings and places of worship. The headlining building is the Romanesque cloister, which is fitted with columns capped with mystical figures and animal forms. The complex is also home to the Chiesa dei Santi Vitale, the Chiesa del Crocifisso, the Chiesa della Trinita, the Chapel of Santa Giuliana, the Benedictine Cloisters and the Chapel of the Cross.